The Four Stage Osteoarthritis Model of the Shoulder Joints

A set of four scaled-down shoulder models showing osteoarthritis (osteoarthritis) of the shoulder: erosion of articular cartilage, progression of osteoarthritis, formation of osteophytes (bone processes) on articular surfaces, and flattening of the humerus. The healthy stage includes a full shoulder blade. The advanced stage is osteoarthritis in the shoulder-clavicular joint (articulatio acromioclavicularis), ligaments are visible at all stages.